The fact is used for refining Cs metal from their ores. The phosphate, acetate, carbonate, halides, oxide, nitrate, and sulfate salts are soluble in water but double salts are less soluble. It binds a variety of anions to form various ionic compounds. The major chemistry of caesium has in the form of a Cs + ion. It is the most electropositive natural element found in the periodic table. The large difference between first and second ionization energy suggests that the preferred oxidation number or state of Cs metal is +1. The chemistry of caesium is similar to that of other alkali metals due to the presence of 6s electron. Due to its high reactivity, it can be handled only under inert gas or argon atmosphere. It is classified as a hazardous material due to its high reactivity.Ĭaesium may be stored in saturated hydrocarbons like mineral oil and vacuum-sealed borosilicate glass ampoules. It reacts explosively with water or ice at low temperatures. Chemical reactivityĬaesium metal is highly reactive and ignites spontaneously in the air. Cs gives blue color on analysis by flame photometer or atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Like other alkali metals, it gives characteristic flame coloration due to the easy excitation of 6s electron. At temperatures below 650 ☌, it does not form alloys with cobalt, iron, molybdenum, nickel, platinum, tantalum, or tungsten. Latin word caesius meaning sky blue and from its flame colourĬaesium forms alloys with the other alkali metals, and transition metals gold, and mercury. Gustav Kirchhoff and Robert Bunsen in 1860 It is the second low-melting metal after mercury. Like other alkali metals, only one electron participates in metallic bonds. The electronic configuration of Cs is 6s 1. It is an alkali metal that lies between rubidium and francium.Ĭaesium is a soft, low melting golden yellow alkali metal that adopts a face-centered cubic crystal lattice. Caesium in the periodic tableĬaesium is placed in group 1 and period 6 in the periodic table. Almost all caesium isotopes produced from nuclear fission come from the beta decay reactions. The radioactive isotope 135Cs is one of the long-lived nuclear fission products of uranium produced in nuclear power reactors. The radioactive isotope 135Cs has a very long half-life of about 2.3 million years. IsotopesĬaesium contains 40 known isotopes with mass numbers ranging from 112 to 151. Another notable commercial source of Cs ore pollucite is found in Zimbabwe and Karibib Desert, Namibia, USA, etc. Tanco Mine at Bernic Lake in Manitoba, Canada is the world’s most richest source of caesium ore pollucite. It is more abundant elements than antimony, cadmium, tin, tungsten, mercury, and silver.Ī very small amount of caesium metal is found in the ore pollucite and lepidolite. It is the 45th most abundant element and the 36th among the metals present on the periodic table. Where is caesium found?Ĭaesium is a relatively rare element that occurs in Earth’s crust at an average of 3 ppm. The other radioisotope Cs-137 is extracted from the waste obtained from nuclear power reactors. It is discovered through flame spectroscopy analysis. In 1860, caesium was discovered by German chemist Robert Bunsen and physicist Gustav Kirchhoff.
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